AC Magnetic Fields
AC Magnetics AC magnetic measurements provide important property data that supplements DC magnetic data. Low AC field frequency results in an induced AC moment that follows the slope of the DC, B-H/ Hystersis loop curve. A typical reported parameter is AC “susceptibility” and in DC magnetics terminology, reported as the sample permeability. ARkival uses the…
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Coercivity
The Coercivity, also called coercive field or coercive force, is defined in a ferromagnetic material as the value of the applied external magnetic field to reduce the magnetization of a material (or sample) to zero after the sample has been magnetized to saturation. The magnetic parameter of Coercivity is a measure the resistance of a…
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Curie Temperature
ARkival’s Curie temperature (Tc), or Curie point measurements are designed to determine the critical temperature at which magnetic materials loose their magnetic properties. Controlled temperature tests are performed in inert gas environments to determine the temperature (or temperature range) for which magnetic losses occur and the temperature below which magnetic properties return. Magnetic forces defined…
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Demagnetization
Demagnetization is a procedure or method used to eliminate unwanted (major or minor) magnetic fields. Demagnetization is also the reduction or elimination of magnetization. The demagnetization procedure can be performed as an automated process done in a VSM to remove residual magnetization resulting from substrate materials, magnetic artifacts, magnetic noise and exchange interactions and the…
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EDAX (Energy Dispersive Analysis by X-Ray (EDX, EDS)
A typical EDX SPECTRA (elemental) result is shown in photo at left. The elemental spectral peaks are identified during the x-ray scan. The individual elements are indicated in the spectra by both their intensity and scan position. The greater the intensity, the higher the element concentration in the sample. The spectra shown illustrates the elemental…
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Environmental Testing
ARkival’s facilities house several environmental chambers for small-to-medium sized products, components and test systems. The chambers are equipped to provide acclimatization cycling with real-time temperature and humidity monitoring. The chambers are designed for flexibility and can be configured for special product requirements and testing during environmental exposure. Call Us Order […]
Geomagnetic Measurements & Air Transport Standards
ARkival Technology performs Magnetic Field testing of magnet-contained products designated for both domestic and international air shipments. Such products are required to be magnetically source-distance-tested (and labeled ) for compliance to the required ICAO & IATA 1 specifications. The resulting source-distance data must demonstrate magnetic fields less than the maximum value specified by ICOA &…
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Hall Effect Measurements
ARkival has an extensive range of different types, sizes and configurations of Hall effect probes. Contact us at 603.881.3322 for more information. ALSO See magnetic probe Discussions in sections on Magnet Magnetic Fields AND Geomagnetic Field Measurements Call Us Order […]
Hysteresis Loop Measurements
Note magnetic parameters of Coercivity, Saturation & Remanence The Magnetic Hysteresis loop is the most important and significant data graph resulting from the testing of magnetic Materials and their properties. The Hysteresis loop is obtained using a precision magnetometer (Vibrating Sample Magnetometer[VSM]) using NIST and other standardized references and materials to assure relevancy of reported…
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ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma) Analysis & Spectrometry
ICP-AES is a measurement technique that ARkival uses to determine elemental concentrations in materials from minute trace amounts to major compositions. Statistical concentration data results can be obtained for about 70 elements with detection limits in the parts per billion range. ICP-MS is a type of mass spectrometry that ARkival uses for detecting metals and several non-metals at…
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Magnet Field Measurements & Magnetic Field Distance Mapping
Magnetic field data from magnets or magnetized materials can be collected in 1, 2 or 3 data planes (X, Y & Z) at both the magnet center and magnet edges. The application magnets are positioned in a non-magnetic test stand custom-machined for these measurements. The Hall-effect probes are mounted in a 3D micrometer station or…
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Magnetic Field Mapping
Magnetic Field Mapping Many magnet applications use permanent magnets or electromagnets to provide a magnetic field for an attractive or repulsive interaction. Magnetic field data is required for product designs and applications where product function is based upon magnetic strength, the magnetized pole geometry, the external field shape and magnitude at the working distance(s) in…
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Magnetic Thermal Annealing (MTA)
ARkival’s Magnetic Thermal Annealing (MTA) process is used to enhance the performance of magnetic materials and components. During their manufacture, preparation and processing the crystalline and magnetic structures of these materials can assume moderate to high degrees of disorder. The process of controlled magnetic thermal annealing can remove these disorders and can often provide substantially improved magnetic performance of the materials and even their devices (e.g., spintronic devices). The heating a magnetic material…
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MFM (Magnetic Force Microscopy)
MFM is a magnetic measurement technology for imaging various magnetic structures including magnetic domains, domain walls (Bloch and Neel), recorded magnetic bits and magnetic surface structures and abnormalities. MFM studies are performed with and/or without the presence of an external magnetic field. MFM imaging of various materials such as thin films, nanoparticles, nanowires, permalloy disks…
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Permeability, Relative Permeability and Susceptibility
Note: magnetic parameters Magnetizing Force (H) and Flux density (B) used for Permeability measurements Permeability is the measure of the resistance of a material against the formation of a magnetic field. It is a measure of the magnetization that a material obtains in response to an applied magnetic field. Magnetic permeability is typically represented by the Greek…
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Pulsed Magnetic Measurements & Pulse Analyses
Pulse measurements & Analyses include: o Waveform measurement & recordingo Pulse Measurement (RMS, voltage, or RMS Peak)o Digitized Triggering (Rising or Falling edges)o Pulse timing durationso Frequency measurementso True Magnetic Peak measurements […]
Remanence, Retentivity or Remanent Magnetization
Note magnetic parameter Retentivity, Remanence , remanent magnetization, Retentivity or residual magnetism is the magnetization left behind in a ferromagnetic material (such as iron) after an external magnetic field is removed. After certain classes of magnet material are “magnetized” they have remanence. The remanence of magnetic materials provides the magnetic memory in magnetic storage devices, and in common magnets or easily magnetized materials. In cases where…
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Remote AC Magnetic Field Applications
Application Measurements include Field data and corresponding frequency measurements for inductive coils, transformer coils and windings, flat coils, vapor deposited materials and Automotive device applications, remote communication and remote charging applications. Using both manual AC testers and/or AC robotic testers ARkival can measure and report AC magnetic fields emanating from AC sources in both in…
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Saturation Magnetization
Note magnetic parameter: Saturation Magnetic saturation is the state reached in a sample when increases in applied external magnetic field H cannot increase the magnetization of the material further. At saturation, the total magnetic flux density B does not increase with increases in applied external fields. Saturation is a characteristic of ferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic materials, such as iron, nickel, cobalt and their alloys. Saturation is most…
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SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope)
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is a very high imaging magnification performed with an electron microscope that produces informative images of magnetic samples by scanning them with a focused beam of electrons. The electrons interact with atoms in the sample, producing highly magnified images of the sample’s surface topography and composition. Image Magnification from an SEM can be controlled from 10 to…
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TEM (Transmission Electron Microscope)
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a very high imaging magnification also performed with an electron microscope to view thin material cross-sections and specimens (nanoparticles, tissue sections, molecules, etc) through which electrons can pass generating a projection image. TEM is analogous in many ways to the conventional (compound) light microscope with greater magnification and detail. Image Magnification from…
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Thermal Properties
ARkival offers several services to meet you Thermal Property measurement needs. Contact us at 603.881.3322 for more information. Call Us Order […]
Torque Measurements
ARkival’s Torque Measurements are performed with a MicroSense VSM employing an ultra-low friction, air bearing suspending the sample with virtually zero friction. The resulting torque measurement reports the actual force on the sample. All pre-measurement calibrations are directly based upon a known torque sample. ARkival’s magnetic torque measurements can accommodate solid, bulk, and thin film…
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Torque Measurements
ARkival’s Torque Measurements are performed with a MicroSense VSM employing an ultra-low friction, air bearing suspending the sample with virtually zero friction. The resulting torque measurement reports the actual force on the sample. All pre-measurement calibrations are directly based upon a known torque sample. ARkival’s magnetic torque measurements can accommodate solid, bulk, and thin film…
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Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM)
A vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM) is an accurate scientific instrument used to measure magnetic properties. A magnetic material sample is first magnetized via a uniform external magnetic field. The sample is then sinusoidally vibrated via linear actuator or a mechanical vibrator. The induced voltage from the magnetized sample is sensed in a close-proximity pickup coil whereby the…
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Thank you for your interest in Arkival Magnetics. For immediate service you can call us directly at 603-881-3322 EXT. 2. For most inquiries please use this form.